Diabetes and metabolic biomarkers

Metabolic disorders include diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and atherosclerosis. The pathophysiology of these diseases is complex and requires analysis of biomarkers that span a wide spectrum of metabolic pathways. RBM offers a suite of biomarkers to help evaluate therapeutics targeting diabetes and other metabolic conditions. The combination of various biomarkers can help provide an understanding of the metabolic response to new therapeutics.

Adiponectin helps regulate glucose and fatty acids, with low levels associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) influences cortisol production, impacting glucose metabolism. Agouti-Related Protein (AgRP) regulates appetite and energy balance. Aldose Reductase is involved in glucose metabolism. Angiopoietin-related protein 3 plays a role in blood vessel formation and stability. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Angiotensinogen are part of the renin-angiotensin system, affecting blood pressure and fluid balance. Apolipoproteins are involved in lipid transport and metabolism. C-Peptide reflects insulin production.

Complement C3 is part of the immune response. Cortisol affects glucose metabolism and stress response. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) influences incretin hormones, affecting insulin secretion. Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins (FABPs) are involved in lipid transport and metabolism. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels. Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) enhances insulin secretion. Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60) is involved in stress response. Insulin is crucial for glucose uptake. Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) influences growth and metabolism. Leptin regulates energy balance and appetite. Methylglyoxal is a byproduct of glucose metabolism. Omentin is involved in metabolic regulation. Osteocalcin is related to glucose regulation. Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) regulates pancreatic function. Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is involved in lipid metabolism. Peptide YY (PYY) regulates appetite. Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF) has anti-angiogenic properties. Proinsulin is a precursor to insulin. Prolactin influences lactation and metabolism. Resistin affects insulin sensitivity. Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP-4) is involved in lipid transport. Secretin regulates digestive enzyme secretion. Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) binds sex hormones. Testosterone influences metabolism and muscle mass. Thrombomodulin is involved in coagulation. Visfatin is related to insulin-mimetic activity.

Multiplexes with metabolic biomarkers

• Discovery MAP
• Human MAP
• Inflammation MAP