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Cardiovascular biomarkers

RBM offers dozens of biomarkers that are correlated to a variety of cardiovascular conditions, including coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, and atherosclerosis.

 

While a diverse set of mechanisms contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD), inflammatory and metabolic pathways often contribute to hallmark symptoms including hypoxia, artery thickening, blood vessel damage, and the resulting heart muscle damage.

 

In addition, people with diabetes and certain inflammatory conditions are often found to have cardiovascular risk factors, such as high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol. Our biomarkers reflect various aspects of cardiovascular health, including inflammation, endothelial function, lipid metabolism, and plaque stability. These biomarkers can help evaluate potential therapeutics for a variety of CVD conditions.

Cardiovascular-associated multiplexes

The biomarkers below have demonstrated links to cardiovascular disease in the scientific literature.
1. Interferon gamma Induced Protein 10 2. Interleukin-1 alpha 3. Interleukin-1 beta 4. Interleukin-10 5. Interleukin-18 6. Interleukin-6 7. Interleukin-6 receptor 8. Interleukin-8 9. Lectin-Like Oxidized LDL Receptor 1 10. Leptin 11. Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol 12. Macrophage-Derived Chemokine 13. Malondialdehyde-Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein 14. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 15. Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 16. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 17. Methylglyoxal 18. Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 19. Myeloperoxidase 20. Myoglobin 21. N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide 22. Nerve Growth Factor beta 23. Neuropilin-1 24. Osteopontin 25. Osteoprotegerin 26. Paraoxonase-1 27. Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor 28. Placenta Growth Factor 29. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 30. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 31. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB 32. Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A 33. Pulmonary and Activation-Regulated Chemokine 34. Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products 35. Serotransferrin 36. Serum Amyloid A Protein 37. Serum Amyloid P-Component 38. Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase 39. Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin 40. Sortilin 41. ST2 42. Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 alpha 43. Thrombomodulin 44. Thrombospondin-1 45. Tissue Factor 46. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 47. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 2 48. Tissue type Plasminogen activator 49. Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha 50. Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 51. Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 52. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 53. Vitamin K-Dependent Protein S 54. von Willebrand Factor 55. Tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains 1 56. Tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains 2 57. Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 58. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 59. Vascular endothelial growth factor B 60. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C 61. Vascular endothelial growth factor D 62. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 63. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 64. Adiponectin 65. Angiopoietin-1 66. Angiopoietin-2 67. Angiopoietin-related protein 3 68. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 69. Angiotensinogen 70. Antithrombin-III 71. Apolipoprotein A-I 72. Apolipoprotein A-II 73. Apolipoprotein B 74. Apolipoprotein C-III 75. Apolipoprotein E 76. Apolipoprotein H 77. Apolipoprotein(a) 78. C-Reactive Protein 79. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 80. CD163 81. Complement C3 alpha des arg 82. Connective Tissue Growth Factor 83. Creatine Kinase-MB 84. Cystatin-C 85. Endoglin 86. Endostatin 87. Endothelin-1 88. Epiregulin 89. Factor VII 90. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, adipocyte 91. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, liver 92. Fibrinogen 93. Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 94. Fibroblast Growth Factor basic 95. Galectin-3 96. Gelsolin 97. Glucose-6-phosphate Isomerase 98. Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Regulatory subunit 99. Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB 100. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor 101. Growth-Regulated alpha protein 102. Growth/differentiation factor 15 103. Haptoglobin 104. Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 105. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 106. Interferon gamma