Tumor Necrosis Factor beta (TNF-beta, TNF?), also know as lymphotoxin-alpha, is produced predominantly by mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocytes and leukocytes. It is also secreted by fibroblasts, astrocytes, myeloma cells, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and a number of transformed cell lines. The synthesis of TNF-beta is stimulated by interferons and IL-2. It is cytotoxic for a wide range of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. TNF-beta levels in the sera of patients with meningococcal septicemia has been shown to correlate with morbidity and mortality.
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Standardized whole blood stimulation improves immunomonitoring of induced immune responses in multi-center study (2017)Duffy D, Rouilly V, Braudeau C, Corbi?re V, Djebali R, Ungeheuer MN, Josien R, LaBrie ST, Lantz O, Louis D, Martinez-Caceres E, Mascart F, Ruiz de Morales JG, Ottone C, Redjah L, Guen N, Savenay A, Schmolz M, Toubert A, Albert ML Clin Immunol
Immunomodulatory Activities of a Concentrated Fruit and Vegetable Juice Tested in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial in Healthy Volunteers (2014)Schmolz M, M?rz RW, Schaudt M, Schaudt C, Lauster C Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol. 5 No. 4, 2014, pp. 341-350
Effects of alcohol and polyphenols from beer on atherosclerotic biomarkers in high cardiovascular risk men: a randomized feeding trial (2014)Chiva-Blancha G, Magraner E, Condines X, Valderas-Mart?nez P, Roth I, Arranz S, Casa R, Navarro M, Hervas A, Sis? A, Mart?nez-Hu?lamo M, Vallverd?-Queralt A, Quifer-Rada P, Lamuela-Raventos R-M, Estruch R Elsevier - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 2014 Aug 2; doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.07.008
