Interferon lambda 1 Simoa

Interferon lambda 1 (IFN?1) is also referred to as Interleukin 29 (IL-29) is a type III IFN with similar functions as type I IFNs. Type III IFNs are the first line of defense at barrier surfaces, being stimulated by microbial antigens, such as ligands for toll-like receptors (TLR) -3 and -4. The receptor for IFN?1 is a heterodimer of IL-28Ra and IL-10R2 and can signal by Jak1 and Tyk2. Due to the specific tropism of the IFN?1 receptor (expressed on epithelial cells keratinocytes, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells), the activity is more restricted than type I IFNs. IFN?1 has direct antiviral activity due to several mechanisms, including directing towards T cell helper type 1 immunity and inducing natural killer cell activity. In contrast, IFN?1?s effects on neutrophils are largely anti-inflammatory through inhibition of degranulation and NET formation. In oncology, IFN?1 has anti-tumor cell activity against many types of cancer, by inducing apoptotic and proliferation mechanisms. In autoimmune diseases, IFN?1 is elevated in serum in rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjogren?s, and inflammatory bowel disease. Serum levels often correlate with disease activity and/or severity, suggesting that IFN?1 maybe a biomarker to monitor disease in response to treatment regimens.

Swiss-Prot Accession Number: Q8IU54