C-Reactive Protein
C-Reactive Protein
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant which can be used as a general screening aid for inflammatory diseases, infections, and neoplastic diseases. In addition to its usual value as an acute phase reactant, CRP in large concentrations (>5 mg/dL) predicts progression of erosions in rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated serum CRP is characteristic of bacterial, but not viral, meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Elevated concentrations of CRP are associated with a risk of myocardial infarction in patients with stable and unstable angina. CRP can predict the risk of first myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in apparently healthy individuals.
Swiss-Prot Accession Number: P02741
Bibliography
A matrix metalloproteinase-generated neoepitope of CRP can identify knee and multi-joint inflammation in osteoarthritis (2021) Alexander Jr LC, McHorse G, Huebner JL, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Kraus VB Arthritis Research & Therapy
medical_services Therapy IndicationsMultiple Biomarker Approach for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis (2020) Savvateeva E, Smoldovskaya O, Feyzkhanova G, Rubina A Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
medical_services Therapy IndicationsA phase I study of ASTX660, an antagonist of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, in adults with advanced cancers or lymphoma (2020) Mita MM, LoRusso PM, Papadopoulos KP, Gordon MS, Mita AC, Ferraldeschi R, Keer H, Oganesian A, Su XY, Jueliger S, Tolcher AW Clinical Cancer Research
medical_services Therapy IndicationsAdjustment of the multi-biomarker disease activity score to account for age, sex and adiposity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2019) Curtis JR, Flake DD 2nd, Weinblatt ME, Shadick NA, Ostergaard M, Hetland ML, Brahe CH, Hwang YG, Furst DE, Strand V, Etzel CJ, Pappas DA, Wang X, Hwang CC, Sasso EH, Gutin A, Hitraya E, Lanchbury JS Rheumatology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsTesting a multivariate proteomic panel for TBI biomarker discovery: A track-TBI pilot study (2018) Huie JR, Diaz-Arrastia R, Yue JK, Sorani M, Puccio A, Okonkwo DO, Manley GT, Ferguson AR Journal of Neurotrauma
medical_services Therapy IndicationsIdentifying the molecular and cellular signature of cardiac dilation following myocardial infarction (2018) Lindsey ML, Ma Y, Flynn ER, Winniford MD, Hall ME, DeLeon-Pennell KY BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease
medical_services Therapy IndicationsFew serum proteins mediate APOE?s association with dementia. (2017) Royall DR, Al-Rubaye S, Bishnoi R, Raymond PF PLOS ONE
medical_services Therapy IndicationsA Multibiomarker Disease Activity Score for Rheumatoid Arthritis Predicts Radiographic Joint Damage in the BeSt Study (2017) Markusse IM, Dirven L, van den Broek M, Bijkerk C, Han K.H, Ronday H.K, Bolce R, Sasso E, Kerstens P, Lems WF, Huizinga T, and Allaart CF J Rheumatol.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsAltered Expression of MicroRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2017) Tavasolian E, Abdollahi E, Rezaei R, Momtazi AA, Henrotin Y, Sahebkar A J. Cell. Biochem.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsClinical Features of Psoriatic Arthritis: a Comprehensive Review of Unmet Clinical Needs. (2017) McArdle A, Pennington S, FitzGerald O Clin Rev Allergy Immunol.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsA Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity Score and the Choice of Second-Line Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis after Methotrexate Failure (2017) Hambardzumyan K, Saevarsdottir S, Forslind K, Petersson IF, Wallman JK, Ernestam S, Bolce RJ, van Vollenhoven RF Arthritis Rheumatol
medical_services Therapy IndicationsMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Associated with Decreases in C-Reactive Protein in Major Depressive Disorder: A Pilot Study (2016) Eisendrath SJ, Gillung E, Hartzler A, James-Myers M, Wolkowitz O, Sipe W, Ramanatham D, Delucchi K J. Altern. Complement. Med.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsAssociation of the multi-biomarker disease activity score with joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor treatment in clinical practice (2016) Hirata S, Li W, Kubo S, Fukuyo S, Mizuno Y, Hanami K, Sawamukai N, Yamaoka K, Saito K, Defranoux NA, Tanaka Y Mod Rheumatol
medical_services Therapy IndicationsAssociation of a multibiomarker disease activity score at multiple time-points with radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial (2016) Hambardzumyan K, Bolce RJ, Saevarsdottir S, Forslind K, Wallman JK, Cruickshank SE, Sasso E, Chernoff D and Van Vollenhoven R RMD
medical_services Therapy IndicationsBiomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis, what is new? (2016) Gavrila BI, Ciofu C, and Stoica V J Med Life
medical_services Therapy Indications1. Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectin-1 Deficiency Is Associated with Increased Neutrophilia and Hyperinflammation in Gram-Negative Pneumonia (2016) Jondle CN, Sharma A, Simonson TJ, Larson B, Mishra BB, Sharma J Journal of Immunology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsEnhancement of Patient Recruitment in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials Using a Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity Score as an Inclusion Criterion (2015) Van Vollenhoven R, Bolce R, Hambardzumyan K, Saevarsdottir S, Forslind K, Petersson I, Sasso E, Hwang C, Segurado O, and Geborek P Arthritis & Rheumatol
medical_services Therapy IndicationsMultibiomarker disease activity score and C-reactive protein in a cross-sectional observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without concomitant fibromyalgia (2015) Lee YC, Hackett J, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick N, Weinblatt M, Segurado O and Sasso E Rheumatology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsPrediction of disease relapses by multibiomarker disease activity and autoantibody status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on tapering DMARD treatment (2015) Rech J, Hueber AJ, Finzel S, Englbrecht M, Haschka J, Manger B, Kleyer A, Reiser M, Cobra JF, Figueiredo C, Tony HP, Kleinert S, Wendler J, Schuch F, Ronneberger M, Feuchtenberger M, Fleck M, Manger K, Ochs W, Schmitt-Haendle M, Lorenz H-M, Nuesslein H, Alten R, Henes J, Krueger K, Schett G Ann Rheum Dis.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsRelationship of multi-biomarker disease activity score and other risk factors with radiographic progression in an observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2015) Li W, Sasso E, van der Helm-van Mil A and Huizinga T Rheumatology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsInterpreting the multi-biomarker disease activity score in the context of tocilizumab treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2015) Reiss WG, Devenport JN, Low JM, Wu G, Sasso E Rheumatol Int
medical_services Therapy IndicationsOutcomes and costs of incorporating a multibiomarker disease activity test in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2015) Michaud K, Strand V, Shadick NA, Degtiar I, Ford K, Michalopoulos SN and Hornberger J Rheumatology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsPretreatment multi-biomarker disease activity score and radiographic progression in early RA: results from the SWEFOT trial (2014) Hambardzumyan K, Bolce R, Saevarsdottir S, Cruickshank S, Sasso E, Chernoff D, Forslind K, Petersson IF, Geborek P, van Vollenhoven RF Ann Rheum Dis.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsVectra DA for the objective measurement of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (2014) Segurado OG, Sasso EH. Clin Exp Rheumatol.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsImpact of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Test on Clinical Practice (2013) Peabody JW, Strand V, Shimkhada R, Lee R, Chernoff D PLoS ONE
medical_services Therapy IndicationsA multi-biomarker score measures rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in the BeSt study (2013) Hirata S, Dirven L, Shen Y, Centola M, Cavet G, Lems WF, Tanaka Y, Huizinga WJ and Allaart CF Rheumatology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsDevelopment of a Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity Test for Rheumatoid Arthritis (2013) Centola M, Cavet G, Shen Y, Ramanujan S, Knowlton N, Swan KA, Turner M, Sutton C, Smith DR, Haney DJ, Chernoff D, Hesterberg LK, Carulli JP, Taylor PC, Shadick NA, Weinblatt ME, Curtis JR PLoS ONE
medical_services Therapy IndicationsThe Link Between C-Reactive Protein and Alzheimers Disease Among Mexican Americans (2013) OBryant SE, Johnson L, Edwards M, Soares H, Devous MD, Ross S, Rohlfing G, Hall J J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;34(3):701-6
medical_services Therapy IndicationsGalectin-3 functions as an alarmin: pathogenic role for sepsis development in murine respiratory tularemia (2013) Mishra BB, Li Q, Steichen AL, Binstock BJ, Metzger DW, Teale JM, Sharma J PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e59616
medical_services Therapy IndicationsDiabetic db/db mice exhibit central nervous system and peripheral molecular alterations as seen in neurological disorders (2013) Ernst A, Sharma AN, Elased KM, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Bahn S Transl Psychiatry. 2013 May 28;3:e263
medical_services Therapy IndicationsElevated Carbon Monoxide in the Exhaled Breath of Mice during a Systemic Bacterial Infection (2013) Barbour AG, Hirsch CM, Ghalyanchi Langeroudi A, Meinardi S, Lewis ER, Estabragh AS, Blake DR PLoS One. 2013 Jul 31;8(7):e69802
medical_services Therapy IndicationsCirculating Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide resets cardiac homeostasis in mice through a matrix metalloproteinase-9-dependent mechanism (2013) DeLeon-Pennell KY,de Castro Br?s LE, Lindsey ML Physiological Reports Volume 1, Issue 5, October 2013
medical_services Therapy IndicationsReduced Bdnf Attenuates Inflammation and Angiogenesis to Improve Survival and Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction in Mice (2013) Halade GV, Ma Y, Ramirez TA, Zhang J, Dai Q, Hensler JG, Lopez EF, Ghasemi O, Jin Y-F, Lindsey ML American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
medical_services Therapy IndicationsChikungunya Virus-associated Long-term Arthralgia: A 36-month Prospective Longitudinal Study (2013) Schilte C, Staikovsky F, Couderc T, Madec Y, Carpentier F, Kassab S, Albert ML, Lecuit M, Michault A PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Mar;7(3):e2137
medical_services Therapy IndicationsCigarette smoke induces molecular responses in respiratory tissues of ApoE-/- mice that are progressively deactivated upon cessation (2013) Bou? S, De Le?n H, Schlage WK, Peck MJ, Weiler H, Berges A, Vuillaume G, Martin F, Friedrichs B, Lebrun S, Meurrens K, Schracke N, Moehring M, Steffen Y, Schueller J, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J Toxicology, Available online 1 October 2013
medical_services Therapy IndicationsEfficacy and safety of mavrilimumab in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (2012) Burmester GR, Weinblatt ME, McInnes IB, Porter D, Barbarash O, Vatutin M, Szombati I, Esfandiari E, Sleeman MA, Kane CD, Cavet G, Wang B, Godwood A, Magrini F Ann Rheum Dis.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsValidation of a Novel Multibiomarker Test to Assess Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity (2012) Curtis Jr, van der Helm-van Mil ah, Knevel R, Huizinga TW, Haney DJ, Shen Y, Ramanujan S, Cavet G, Centola M, Hesterberg LK, Chernoff D, Ford K, Shadick N, Hamburger M, Fleischmann R, Keystone E, and Weinblatt ME Arthritis Care & Res.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsPerformance of a multi-biomarker score measuring rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in the CAMERA tight control study (2012) Bakker MF, Cavet G, Jacobs J, Bijlsma J, Haney DJ, Shen Y, Hesterberg LK, Smith D, Centola M, van Roon J, Lafeber F, Welsing P Ann Rheum Dis.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsPre-analytical effects of blood sampling and handling in quantitative immunoassays for rheumatoid arthritis (2012) Zhao X, Qureshi F, Eastman P.S, Manning WC, Alexander C, Robinson WH, Hesterberg LK J Immunol Methods
medical_services Therapy IndicationsInflammation, organomegaly, and muscle wasting despite hyperphagia in a mouse model of burn cachexia (2012) Pedroso FE, Spalding PB, Cheung MC, Yang R, Gutierrez JC, Bonetto A, Zhan R, Chan HL, Namias N, Koniaris LG, Zimmers TA J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2012 Mar 29
medical_services Therapy IndicationsBiomarkers and Depressive Symptoms in Older Women with and without Cognitive Impairment (2012) Hall JR, Johnson LA, Vo HT, Barber RC, Winter AS, O?Bryant SE Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, 2012, 2, 276-281
medical_services Therapy IndicationsPlasma Lipid Profiling across Species for the Identification of Optimal Animal Models of Human Dyslipidemia (2012) Yin W, Carballo-Jane E, Mclaren DG, Mendoza VH, Gagen K, Geoghagen NS, Mcnamara LA, Gorski JN, Eiermann GJ, Petrov A, Wolff M, Tong X, Wilsie LC, Akiyama TE, Chen J, Thankappan A, Xue J, Ping X, Andrews G, Wickham LA, Gai CL, Trinh T, Kulick AA, Donnelly MJ, Voronin GO, Rosa R, Cumiskey A-M, Bekkari K, Mitnaul LJ, Puig O, Chen F, Raubertas R, Wong PH, Hansen BC, Koblan KS, Roddy TP, Hubbard BK, Strack AM Journal of Lipid Research
medical_services Therapy IndicationsBronchial and Bronchiolar Fibrosis in Rats Exposed to 2,3-Pentanedione Vapors: Implications for Bronchiolitis Obliterans in Humans (2012) Morgan DL, Jokinen MP, Price HC, Gwinn WM, Palmer SM, Flake GP Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Jan 3. [Epub ahead of print]
medical_services Therapy IndicationsType I interferon and pattern recognition receptor signaling following particulate matter inhalation (2012) Erdely A, Antonini JM, Salmen-Muniz R, Liston A, Hulderman T, Simeonova PP, Kashon ML, Li S, Gu JK, Stone S, Chen BT, Frazer DG, Zeidler-Erdely PC Part Fibre Toxicol. 2012 Jul 9;9:25
medical_services Therapy IndicationsMark B. Coventry Award: Synovial C-reactive Protein: A Prospective Evaluation of a Molecular Marker for Periprosthetic Knee Joint Infection (2011) Parvizi J, Jacovides C, Adeli B, Jung KA, Hozack WJ Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]
medical_services Therapy IndicationsSerum biomarkers of aging in the Brown Norway rat (2011) Gordon CJ, Rowsey PJ, Bishop BL, Ward WO, Macphail RC Exp Gerontol. 2011 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
medical_services Therapy IndicationsIdentification of Systemic Markers from A Pulmonary Carbon Nanotube Exposure (2011) Erdely A, Liston A, Salmen-Muniz R, Hulderman T, Shih-Houng Y, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Castranova V, Simeonova PP Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine: June 2011 - Volume 53 - Issue - p S80?S86
medical_services Therapy IndicationsG-protein-coupled receptor GPR21 knockout mice display improved glucose tolerance and increased insulin response (2011) Gardner J, Wu S, Ling L, Danao J, Li Y, Yeh WC, Tian H, Baribault H Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
medical_services Therapy IndicationsHypercoagulability, platelet function, inflammation and coronary artery disease acuity: Results of the Thrombotic RIsk Progression (TRIP) Study. (2010) Tantry US, Bliden KP, Suarez TA, Kreutz RP, Dichiara J, Gurbel PA Platelets 21: 360-7.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsIndividual Differences in Hyperlipidemia and Vitamin E Status in Response to Chronic Alcohol Self-Administration in Cynomolgus Monkeys (2010) Lebold KM, Grant KA, Freeman WM, Wiren KM, Miller GW, Kiley C, Leonard SW, Traber MG Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010 Nov 30. [Epub ahead of print]
medical_services Therapy IndicationsDecreased C-Reactive Protein Levels in Alzheimer Disease. (2010) OBryant SE, Waring SC, Hobson V, Hall JR, Moore CB, Bottiglieri T, Massman P, Diaz-Arrastia R J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 23: 49-53.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsWestern-style diets induce oxidative stress and dysregulate immune responses in the colon in a mouse model of sporadic colon cancer (2009) Erdelyi I, Levenkova N, Lin EY, Pinto JT, Lipkin M, Quimby FW, Holt PR J Nutr. 139: 2072-8.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsChronic Treatment with Clenbuterol Modulates Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Circulating Factors in a Murine Model of Cardiomyopathy. (2009) Rider JE, Polster SP, Lee S, Charles NJ, Adhikari N, Mariash A, Tadros G, Stangland J, Smolenski RT, Terracciano CM, Barton PJR, Birks EJ, Yacoub MH, Miller LW, Hall JL Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research 2: 182?190.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsRegression of Human Pancreatic Tumor Xenografts in Mice After a Single Systemic Injection of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus GLV-1h68. (2009) Yu YA, Galanis C, Woo Y, Chen N, Zhang Q, Fong Y, Szalay AA Mol Cancer Ther 8: 141-151.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsAtorvastatin Restores Endothelial Function in Offspring of Protein-Restricted Rats in a Cholesterol-Independent Manner. (2009) Torrens C, Kelsall CJ, Hopkins LA, Anthony FW, Curzen NP, Hanson MA Hypertension 53: 661-667.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsThe Protective Effect of the Blood Brain Barrier from Systemic Cytokines in an Animal Femur Fracture Model. (2007) Ott M, Davis AT, Vanderkolk W, Resau JH, Deheer DH, Jones CB, Stouffer C, Kubek EW J Trauma 63: 591-595.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsThe metabolic state of diabetic monkeys is regulated by fibroblast growth factor-21. (2007) Kharitonenkov A, Wroblewski VJ, Koester A, Chen YF, Clutinger CK, Tigno XT, Hansen BC, Shanafelt AB, Etgen GJ Endocrinology 148: 774-81.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsMultiplex proteomic approaches to sepsis research: case studies employing new technologies. (2005) Heuer JG, Cummins DJ, Edmonds BT Expert Rev Proteomics 2: 669-680.
medical_services Therapy IndicationsEvaluation of protein C and other biomarkers as predictors of mortality in a rat cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis. (2004) Heuer JG, Sharma GR, Gerlitz B, Zhang T, Bailey DL, Ding C, Berg DT, Perkins D, Stephens EJ, Holmes KC, Grubbs RL, Fynboe KA, Chen YF, Grinnell B, Jakubowski JA Crit Care Med 32: 1570-1578.
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