Beta-2-Microglobulin (B2M) is a protein found on the surfaces of all nucleated cells and is shed into the blood, particularly by tumor cells and lymphocytes. Due to its small size it passes through the glomerular membrane, but normally less than 1% is excreted due to reabsorption in the proximal tubules of the kidney. Therefore, high plasma levels occur in renal failure, inflammation, and neoplasms, especially those associated with B-lymphocytes.
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